Which of the following is a surgical option for thoracic outlet syndrome?

• A. Scalenectomy
• B. Taping
• C. Diaphragmatic breathing
• D. Neurodynamic mobilization

Answer: (A)

Thoracic outlet syndrome occurs when there is compression of the neurovascular bundle as it passes through the thoracic outlet. When conservative treatments don’t relieve symptoms, surgery may be considered to directly relieve the compression. Scalenectomy, which involves removing or releasing the anterior scalene muscle, directly enlarges the space around the brachial plexus and subclavian vessels, addressing the underlying mechanical cause of compression. The other options are non-surgical approaches: taping provides postural support, diaphragmatic breathing improves breathing mechanics rather than addressing the compression, and neurodynamic mobilization targets nerve mobility without tissue removal. Therefore, scalenectomy is the surgical option that directly treats the compression in thoracic outlet syndrome.